注册化工工程师执业考试2018真题 18-19

题目18

有一涡轮交班试验装置,搅拌器有6个平直叶片,叶片直径为110mm,转速为16r/s,用来交班密度为850kg/m3、粘度为 0.082Pa.s 的液体,经曲线查得的功率特征数与搅拌雷诺准数的关系数据见下表,问搅拌器的轴功率(W)是下列哪个数值?
数据表

雷诺准数 500 1000 2000 3000
功率特征数 3.51 4.13 5.08 5.15

A 117 B 265 C 285 D 334

解答

考察液体搅拌雷诺数与功率计算
雷诺数
R_{eM} = \frac{\rho n d^2}{\mu } =\frac{850 * 16* 0.11^2}{0.082} =2006
查上表得到功率特征数为 5.08
功率计算为
P= K\rho n^3 d^5 = 5.08 *850 * 16^3 *0.11^5 = 284.8 W
选C

题目19

用1台装有30块尺寸为635 * 635 * 25mm 滤板的板框压滤机过滤温度为25°C的水-固悬浮液,一直悬浮液含固量为0.0199kg/kg, 固体密度为3000kg/m3, 小型试验测得过滤器的过滤常数qe为0.0265 m3/m3,滤饼孔隙率为0.732,滤饼比阻r为1.13 * 10^{15} \space m^{-2},若滤液与滤饼的体积比为39,洗涤水量为滤液量的0.1倍,辅助时间为3600秒,问在恒压差300kPa下,压滤机的过滤时间(s)和过滤能力(m3/h)是下列哪组数值?
提示,已知水在25°C的密度为997kg/m3,粘度为8.937*0.0001 Pa.s

A 2799, 4.52 B 2864, 4.52 C 2971, 4.81 D 3097,4.81

解答

考察板框过滤器
质量分数 w = 0.0199
体积分数 \phi = \frac{w/ \rho _p }{w/ \rho _p + (1-w)/\rho_{water}} = \frac{0.0199/3000}{0.0199/3000+ (1-0.0199)/997 } = 0.0067
过滤面积 A =0.635 *0.635 * 30 2 =24.2 m2
过滤常数 K = \frac{2\Delta P}{r\phi\mu } = \frac{2</em>300<em>1000}{1.13</em>10<sup>{15}<em>0.0067</em>8.937*0.0001}</sup> =8.87*10<sup>{-5}</sup> <img src="https://www.cryogeny.cn/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-5955c851cea88987ca7aacd2e1f62dee_l3.png" class="ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format" alt="<br/> 过滤常数 qe=0.0265<br/>" title="Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com" height="19" width="223" style="vertical-align: -5px;"/>V_饼 / V = \frac{\phi}{1-\phi - \varepsilon} =\frac{0.0067}{1-0.0067-0.732} = 0.0256 = 1/ 39 <img src="https://www.cryogeny.cn/wp-content/ql-cache/quicklatex.com-19742d9ff597cf685329373c68f3727d_l3.png" class="ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format" alt="<br/>" title="Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com" height="19" width="61" style="vertical-align: -5px;"/>V_饼 = 30 *0.635 *0.635 *0.025 =0.3 m<sup>3
V = 0.3 * 39 = 11.8 m3
q= V/A = 11.8/24.2 =0.4875
\tau = \frac{1}{K}(q^2+2qq_e) = \frac{0.4875^2+2*0.4875*0.0265}{8.87*10^{-5}} =2970.6 s

选C
对于洗涤时间 \tau_w
( \frac{dq}{d \tau})_w = \frac{\Delta P}{2r \phi \mu (q+q_e)} = \frac{K}{4(q+q_e)}
= \frac{8.87 * 10{-5}}{4 * (0.4875+0.0265)}
=4.3142 * 10-5
由于洗涤面积Aw = 1/2 A = 24.2/2 = 12.1
q_w = \frac{V_w}{A_w} = \frac{0.1 * 11.8 }{12.1} = 0.0975
\tau_w = \frac{q_w}{(\frac{dq}{d \tau})_w} =frac{0.0975}{4.3142*10^{-5}}
=2260s

每秒生产能力Q = \frac{V}{\tau + \tau_w + \tau_D} =frac{11.8}{2971+2260+3600} = 0.00136202
转换成每小时生产能力 为 4.81 m3/h
再次确定选C

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